Compressor



March 9, 1937. ,1 pHlLLlps 2,072,990

COMPRESSOR Filed May 6, 1955 Patented Mar. 9, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims.

This invention, a rotary compressor, is primarily designed for all purposes and installations where positive pressure and constant delivery of gas or air is required, and is particularly adapted for use with the internal combustion engine, application pending under Serial Number 730,420, filed June 13, 1934, and is an improvement over copending application Serial Number 1,349, filed January 11, 1935,

It is well understood that the general principle of the compressor is old in the art. However, the specific type of vane and vane packing employed is entirely new and hitherto unknown and therefore forms the basic features of this invention.

This new type of vane advances a new and unusually efcient vane structure, and which provides a positive seal at all times, in fact, it forms a double seal for each vane; the vanes consisting of through, non-adjustable, reciprocating vanes, positively actuated by direct cooperation with the walls of the bore at their opposite ends, and each of which is provided at each end with an auxiliary or fly vane formed of light material and resiliently actuated, and of comparatively small volume for lightness, and which is installed in such manner as to be substantially frictionless, and mounted on the leading side of each end of the vane.

The main object of the invention is to provide a through-vane type rotary compressor with independently actuated twin seals at each end of each vane.

Another object of the invention is to obtain efcient sealing of vanes by mounting an auxiliary, or y vane at the cooperating end of each vane, to form a primary seal, which seal is followed by the usual seal provided by the vane and which is self-adaptable to the contour of the cylinder bore.

A further object of the invention is to maintain the ily vane as near frictionless as possible, and to resiliently urge the fly vane to cooperate with the walls of the bore.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the following description is read on the drawing forming a part of this specification, and in which similar reference characters are used to designate similar parts throughout the several views, of which;

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the invention with the rotor and stator shown in section.

Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

The invention includes in its preferred form, a housing I0, which is formed integral with a cylinder block II, having cylinders I2 and I3 of an internal combustion engine.

A non-circular bore I4 is formed in the housing, this bore having diameters in all angular relations of the vanes, equal to the total length of the through vanes, taken across the eccentric center I5,

Mounted eccentrically` in this bore is a rotor I6, having a peripheral wall I'I and end walls I8, and a hollow hub I9 which is integral withthe end walls. Core holes 20 are formed through the end Walls. Breast walls 2I and 22 are formed integrally with the other walls, and the vane slots 23 are formed between the breast walls, and extend inwardly through the walls oi the hub as indicated at 24, and terminate at the shaft hubs 25 and 26, which are integral with the stub shafts 2l and 28.

The shafts 21 and 28 are respectively mounted in the ball bearings 29 and roller bearings 30, and shaft 21 is tapered as shown at 3| to receive the driving Wheel or gear 32 for driving the compressor.

The shaft 28 has a miter gear 33 formed at its outer end for driving a distributor and timer for an injection nozzle, (not shown), andv is also provided with an axial `bore 34 through which Diesel fuel is fed in predetermined amount, both for lubrication and admixture with the air being compressed.

The amount of fuel or Diesel oil supplied is almost, but not quite sufficient, to form an explosive mixture with the air delivered by the compressor to the cylinders I2 and I3, whereby a lean gas mixture is fed to the cylinders while simultaneously lubricating the compressor, forming thereby a thoroughly vaporized or atomized gas-air mixture, which upon injection of additional fuel through the usual injection nozzle into the cylinder at the proper time, responds instantaneously, and with the highest efficiency.

It is well known that the usual Diesel engine emits considerable smoke, due to poor combustion, which is caused by the inefficient atomization and vaporization of the fuel upon injection and its proper admixture with the air, and this system overcomes this undesirable feature by preliminary sub-saturation of the air before loading the cylinder with air and compression and during delivery of the air charge, and thereby, smokeless operation and highest efficiency is attained.

It is necessary, with this principle of operation, to have positive, continuous delivery of air, in volume directly proportionate to the speed of the engine so as to supply ample charge for scavenging and charging the cylinder above atmospheric pressure. Inasmuch as the engine, similarly to the usual internal combustion engine, operates at variable speeds, a highly eiicient vane seal or packing is necessary, to insure delivery of gas or air in definite proportion to the displacement of the cylinders. The majority of compressors of constant delivery type, (which obviously can only be obtained in a -rotary compressor), drop in delivery eiciency at lower speeds due to inefficiency of the vane seals, while this invention maintains delivery efficiency irrespective of speed.

The vanes each consist of a body portion which is made in two parts, which are secured together, heel to heel, by means of bolts and 3B, Which are inserted from opposite ends to preserve balance in the assembled structure.

One assembled vane has a central slot to pass a tongue 31 on the other vane, which in turn has side recesses tov pass the legs 38 of the one vane. This feature is clearly disclosed in copending application, Serial No. 1,349, and therefore does not require detailed description herein. The rotor is also fully described in that application.

As Will be noted, the vanes are identical except as to the tongue-slot and leg-slots, and consist each ofotwo sections 39 and 40 bolted together by means of bolts 35 and 36, the assembled vanes passing through the hollow hub of the rotor.

As will be noted, roller slots 4| and 42 are formed in vanes 39 and 4D to greater depth than the shaftk hub-receiving slots toprovide stop shoulders 43 for the rollers 44, which are formed of hard light alloy-steel tubing.

`The packing, or seal shoes for the main body of the vanes consist of cylindrical shoes 45, having one side formed to the normal radius of the bore i4. 'Ihese shoes are preferably formed of ber or similar material, encased in metal sleeves 46, which are rotatably mounted in a cylindrical seat 41.

The opposite faces of the opposite ends of each vane are recessed as shown at 48 to receive the fly vanes 49 and which are located on the lead side of each end of the vane, and which ily vanes are preferablyformed of fiber, one face of which cooperates With the rollers 44 which are free to roll with movement of these ily vanes. In addition,

these fly vanes are outwardly urged by means of leaf springs 5D to cooperate With the bore I4.

As Will be noted, the main vanes are practically balanced so far as centrifugal action is concerned, thus reducing Wear on the Walls of the bore and on the shoes, and they include the usual packing arrangement, except that the shoes are not resiliently urged and that they are made of metalencased ber, or other non-scoring material.

The auxiliary, or ily vanes form a rst seal at 5|, which is followed by a second seal 52, assuring uniform delivery of gas to the cylinders proportionate to the speed of operation, these twin seals, independently operating, providing complete entrapment of the gas being compressed.

It will be understood that variations in construction and arrangement of parts, Which variations are consistent With the appended claims, may be resorted to, Without detracting from the spirit or scope of the invention, or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof.

I claim:

1. In combination with a compressor having a bore therein, a cross-slotted rotor, through-vanes fitting said slots, a rocking shoe on each end of said vanes contacting the surface of said bore, said vanes having terminal recesses extending along one side thereof and in the body of said rotor, one face of said recesses being of rotor material, and auxiliary vanes fitting said recesses held between vane and rotor material and movable in said recesses, said auxiliary vanes extending past said shoes to contact the surface of said bore.

2. In combination with a compressor having a bore therein, a cross-slotted rotor, throughvanes tting said slots, a rocking shoe on each end of said vanes contacting the surface of said bore, said vanes having terminal recesses extending along one side thereof and in the body of said rotor, one face of said recesses being of rotor material, auxiliary vanes fitting said lre# cesses held between vane and rotor material and movable in said recesses, said auxiliary vanes extending past said shoes to contact the surface of said bore, and springs bearing against said through-vanes and said auxiliary vanes to force said auxiliary vanes against said bore.

JOHN PHILLIPS. 

